使用Noah-MP陆面模式, 在GLDAS数据的驱动下, 对青藏高原不同区域6个观测站点的感热通量和潜热通量进行了模拟, 并与实测值进行了对比分析。研究结果表明: 使用默认参数化方案选项模拟的感热通量除在珠峰站冬春季偏高而夏秋季偏低以外, 在其他站点均偏高; 潜热通量的模拟在不同站点和不同季节存在较大差异, 在藏东南站模拟结果较好, 在珠峰站偏高, 在慕士塔格站偏低, 在纳木错站秋冬季偏低、 在阿里站春季偏高、 在那曲站夏季偏低。通过进一步分析模拟结果对各个参数化方案选项的敏感性, 选出了更适合各站点感热通量及潜热通量模拟的参数化方案选项组合, 提高了模式对各个站点全年整体模拟水平, 使得模拟结果和站点观测相比具有更小的均方根误差和更高相关系数, 但对一些站点部分季节的模拟可能会带来更大的误差。本研究为这些站点的陆面及耦合模式的模拟提供了参考, 同时也能对青藏高原热源变化的模拟提供更准确的地气交换信息。
Driven by GLDAS forcing data, the Noah-MP land surface model is used to evaluate its performance in simulating sensible and latent heat flux at six observation stations (Qomolangma Atmospheric and Environmental Observation and Research Station, QOMS; Nam Co Monitoring and Research Station for Multisphere Interactions, NAMOR; Ngari Desert Observation and Research Station, NASDE; Southeast Tibet Observation and Research Station for the Alpine Environment, SETS; Muztagh Ata Westerly Observation and Research Station, MASWE; Nagqu Station of Plateau Climate and Environment, NPCE) of different regions over Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.The results with default multiple parameterization options indicate that comparing with the observations, the sensible heat flux is overestimated at most stations and in QOMS’s winter and spring, but underestimated in summer and autumn at this site.The latent heat flux is distinct in different stations and seasons: With better result at SETS, overestimated at QOMS and in NASDE’s spring, underestimated at MASWE, in NAMOR’s autumn and winter and NPCE’s summer.By analyzing the sensitivity of simulation results with different multiple parameterization options to select better combinations of these options which are more suitable for each station.New combinations give better root mean square error and correlation coefficient to simulations at a whole year level, but specific seasons at some stations have larger errors.This method provides accurate information of energy exchange and a reference for land surface and coupling models to the simulate heat source at these sites.
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