中国西南贵州地区冬季凝冻日数的气候特征及其异常成因

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  • 1.六盘水市气象局,贵州 六盘水 553000

    2.贵州省气候中心,贵州 贵阳 550000

    3. 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川 成都 610225

    4.铜仁市气象局,贵州 铜仁 554300

    5.无锡学院大气与遥感学院,江苏 无锡 214000

网络出版日期: 2022-03-23

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(41865005);铜仁市科技支撑计划项目(2020-23号);无锡学院自然科学类重点项目(2019bjynk005

Climatic Characteristics of Winter Freezing Days in Guizhou in Southwest China and Their Anomalous Causes

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  • 1. Meteorological Bureau of Liupanshui, Liupanshui 553000, Guizhou, China

    2. Guizhou Climate Center, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou, China

    3. Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China

    4. Meteorological Bureau of Tongren, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China

    5. College of Atmosphere and Remote Sensing,WuXi University,Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu, China

Online published: 2022-03-23

摘要

利用贵州84国家气象观测站逐日观测资料,NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料以及英国Hadley中心全球逐月海温(HadISST)资料,对中国西南贵州地区冬季凝冻日数的气候特征及其异常成因进行了研究。结果表明:贵州地区有69个站点(占比85.2%)的单次凝冻过程最长连续日数和63个站点(占比77.8%)的冬季凝冻总日数极值出现在197619832007年,其中以威宁的66d1976年)和39d2007年)为最多;贵州地区冬季凝冻日数的主模态(方差65.04%)呈全区一致型分布,大值中心位于贵州中部;在贵州地区冬季凝冻日数异常偏多年,欧亚中高纬地区的乌拉尔山阻塞高压和东亚大槽共同作用在东亚地区形成稳定的经向环流,而中亚地区低值系统活跃并引导阻塞高压和蒙古冷高压前部的冷空气南下,在贵州及其以北地区的对流层低层形成浅薄的异常冷垫。同时,来自孟加拉湾和南海的对流层低层暖湿气流在异常环流圈作用下沿着云贵准静止锋锋区附近的冷空气堆边缘爬行抬升,在贵州上空对流层中形成上暖下冷的不稳定垂直层结异常,导致贵州冬季凝冻的形成。此外,分别来自上游的北大西洋地区和低纬热带地区的波扰动能量传播对欧亚大陆中高纬地区阻塞形势和低值系统异常的形成和维持起着关键作用。相较而言,在贵州凝冻日数异常偏少年,上述形势则相反。初步分析表明,贵州冬季凝冻日数异常还与赤道中东太平洋中部型La Niña事件的发展以及北太平洋、印度洋和南海地区的海温异常具有关联。

本文引用格式

夏阳, 严小冬, 刘芷含, 胡萍, 严锐, 张茜 .

中国西南贵州地区冬季凝冻日数的气候特征及其异常成因[J]. 高原气象, 0 : 1 . DOI: 10.7522/ j.issn.1000-0534.2022.00028

Abstract

Based on daily gauge station datum, monthly reanalysis datasets from NCEP/NCAR and monthly SST data from Hadley Center in UK (HadISST), The climatic characteristics of freezing days and their causes have been studied on. It is found that there are 69 stations (85.2%) of longest persistent days in the single freezing processes and 63 stations (77.8%) of total winter freezing days occurred in 1976, 1983 and 2007, Weining's 66d (1976) and 39d (2007) being the longest events respectively. The main mode of winter freezing days in Guizhou which the center is in central showed a consistent distribution in the whole region with a variance of 65.04%. When the winter freezing days in Guizhou were abnormally large, the abnormally active Ural Mountain blocking high pressure and the abnormally strong East Asian Trough were conducive to the formation of stable meridional circulation in East Asia. while the low value system in Central Asia guided the cold air in front of the blocking high and the Mongolian cold high southward, formed a shallow abnormal cold pad in the lower troposphere of Guizhou and its north. At the same time, the warm and humid air flow in the middle and lower troposphere from the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea crawled and uplifted along the edge of the cold air pile near the Yunnan-Guizhou Quasi-Stationary Front under the action of the abnormal circulation circle, and formed an unstable vertical stratification anomaly of warm up and cold down in the middle and lower troposphere over Guizhou, resulting in the formation of winter freezing in Guizhou. In addition, the wave disturbance energy propagation from North Atlantic and low latitude tropical played an important role in the formation and maintenance of the blocking situation in the middle and high latitudes and the anomaly of the low trough system in Eurasia. When the freezing days were abnormal less, the situation is opposite. Finally, there is a closely relationship between the winter freezing days anomaly in Guizhou with the La Niña event in the equatorial Middle East Pacific and the SST anomaly in the North Pacific, Indian Ocean, and South China Sea.

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