基于站点尺度通量数据的黑河流域蒸散发产品评价

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  • 1. 山西大学环境与资源学院/山西省黄河实验室,山西 太原 030006
    2. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院/干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室/阿拉善荒漠生态水文试验研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000

网络出版日期: 2025-04-29

基金资助

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项 B 类课题项目(XDB0720401);甘肃省杰出青年基金项目(24JRRA076);山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目(J20240022);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42301030);阿拉善科技计划项目(AMYY2022-13);2023 年山西省研究生科研创新项目(2023KY111

Assessment of Evapotranspiration Remote Sensing Products in the Heihe River Basin Based on Station Fluxes Dataset 

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  • 1. School of Environment and Resources of Shanxi University / Shanxi Yellow River LaboratoryTaiyuan 030006ShanxiChina
    2. Northwest Institute of Ecological Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences / National Key Laboratory for Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Areas / Alxa Desert Eco-Hydrology Experimental Research StationLanzhou 730000GansuChina

Online published: 2025-04-29

摘要

蒸散发是陆地生态系统能量平衡的重要组成部分,也是大气水循环的关键环节,随着全球气候变暖其变化深刻影响着-系统的互馈过程,对区域乃至全球气候、生态系统、农业生产活动等具有重要影响。但是由于实际条件限制,目前缺乏对流域尺度不同下垫面类型长时序遥感蒸散发产品表现和适用性的评价,在流域生态系统需水估算、水资源评价与管理使用等方面存在诸多不确定性。因此,本文利用黑河流域不同生态系统地面定位站的长时序通量监测数据,采用随机森林算法插补缺失数据构建多站点、长时序、高精度的地面实际蒸散发数据集(15 个站点,113 个站点年,日尺度),选择 6种常用的遥感蒸散发产品(SSEBopGLEAMMOD16PML_V2GLASS ETMonitor)并提取各生态系统类型站点所在栅格像元的蒸散发产品年值,通过 R2RMSEMAEBias 等指标评价了各遥感蒸散发产品在黑河流域的精度及其适用性。结果表明:(1SSEBop 产品在黑河流域的整体精度最高(R²=0. 63RMSE=251. 99 mm·a-1),其次是 ETMonitor 产品(R²=0. 26RMSE=275. 47 mm·a-1),表现最差的是 GLEAM 产品(R²不显著),Bias 最小的是 GLASS 产品,为-22. 57 mm,最大的是 GLEAM 产品,为-317. 49 mm。(26 种遥感蒸散发产品在山地森林系统和农田系统的表现相对较好,在荒漠森林系统和荒漠系统的表现最差,而湿地系统的实际蒸散发普遍被低估。其中:SSEBop 产品在除农田系统以外的其他生态类型站点均表现为低估,而 GLASS 产品在荒漠森林系统表现优异但严重高估了荒漠系统的实际蒸散发。(3)站点尺度上,湿地生态系统 ET 最大,约为 1210 mm,荒漠生态系统 ET 最小,约为 180 mm,从下游至上游沿海拔梯度,呈先增加后减少的趋势;本研究通过对黑河流域不同遥感蒸散发产品的精度和适用性进行评价,为干旱区复杂地形、气候和生态系统条件下流域蒸散发模型选取等相关研究工作提供了科学依据,也为流域水资源科学管理使用及生态保护工作提供了参考。

本文引用格式

武 博, 高冠龙, 鱼腾飞, 韩 拓, 王麒翔 . 基于站点尺度通量数据的黑河流域蒸散发产品评价[J]. 高原气象, 0 : 1 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2025.00030

Abstract

Evapotranspiration is an important part of the energy balance of terrestrial ecosystems and a key link in the atmospheric water cycle. Howeverdue to the limitation of practical conditionsthere is a lack of evaluation of the performance and applicability of long-time remote sensing evapotranspiration products of different underlying surface types at the basin scaleresulting in many uncertainties in the estimation of water demand of the basin ecosystemthe evaluation of water resourcesand the management and use of water resources. Thereforebased on the long-term time-series flux monitoring data of the ground positioning stations of different ecosystems in the Heihe River Basinthis paper uses the random forest algorithm to construct a multi-sitelong-time serieshigh-precision ground actual evapotranspiration dataset15 stations113 station yearsdaily scale),and selects six commonly used remote sensing evapotranspiration products SSEBopGLEAMMOD16PML_V2GLASS and ETMonitorand extracted the annual values of evapotranspiration products of raster pixels in each ecosystem type siteand evaluated the accuracy and applicability of each remote sensing evapotranspiration prod‐ uct in the Heihe River Basin by R²RMSEMAEBias and other indicators. The results showed that:(1SSE‐ Bop products had the highest overall accuracy in the Heihe River BasinR²=0. 63RMSE=251. 99 mm·a-1),followed by ETMonitor productsR²=0. 26RMSE=275. 47 mm·a-1),GLEAM productsR² was not significant), GLASS products with the smallest Bias were -22. 57 mmand GLEAM products were the largest-317. 49 mm.2The performance of the six remote sensing evapotranspiration products in mountain forest system and cropland system was relatively goodand the performance in desert forest system and desert system was the worstwhile the actual evapotranspiration of wetland system was generally underestimated. Among themthe SSEBop product was underestimated in all ecological types except the cropland systemwhile the GLASS product performed well in the desert forest system but seriously overestimated the actual evapotranspiration of the desert system.3At the station scalethe ET of wetland ecosystem was the largestabout 1210 mmand that of desert ecosystem was the smallestabout 180 mm. By evaluating the accuracy and applicability of different re‐ mote sensing evapotranspiration products in the Heihe River Basinthis study provides a scientific basis for the selection of evapotranspiration models in the basin under complex terrainclimate and ecosystem conditions in arid areasand also provides a reference for the scientific management and use of water resources and ecological protection in the basin.

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