青藏高原是全球气候变化的敏感区与放大器，其复杂的多圈层作用深刻影响区域及全球气候和水循环。本文系统总结了高原多圈层综合观测网络的架构与数据资源现状，并基于多源观测数据综合评述了高原气候“暖湿化”特征及其多圈层（大气、冰冻圈、水圈、生态圈等）响应的关键特征与机制。研究发现，近年来高原升温速率增大、降水总量增多但空间异质性显著。高原的“暖湿化”驱动了冻土退化、冰川退缩、湖泊扩张、植被“变绿”以及极端事件增加等一系列显著变化。然而，当前观测体系仍存在西部站点稀疏、多圈层协同不足、数据共享机制不完善等困难。为支撑地球系统科学研究和区域可持续发展，未来亟需加强高原西部观测能力、推广低成本自动化观测设备、深化多源数据融合与模型同化以及构建安全高效的分级数据共享平台。本研究为深入认知高原气候系统复杂性及优化地球系统多圈层观测体系提供了重要参考。

The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau（QXP），recognized as a global climate hotspot and sensitive indicator， profoundly influences regional and global climate and water cycles through complex multi-sphere interactions. This study presents comprehensive review of the current status and data resources of the Qinghai-Xizang’s multisphere observation network. Synthesizing multi-source observational data，it comprehensively reviews the key characteristics and mechanisms of the climate “warming and wetting” trend and its multi-sphere responses（atmosphere，cryosphere，hydrosphere，ecosystems）. Key findings reveal an accelerated warming rate，increased precipitation with distinct geographic variations，and subsequent chain reactions including thawing permafrost， melting glaciers，expanding lakes，enhanced vegetation growth，and increased extreme events. However，critical gaps persist in the current observation system，notably sparse coverage in the western Qinghai-Xizang，insufficient multi-sphere synergy，and imperfect data-sharing mechanisms. To address these challenges，future priori‐ ties should include expanding western Qinghai-Xizang's monitoring networks，promote low-cost automated instrumentation，enhance multi-source data fusion and model assimilation，and establish secure and standardized data-sharing platforms. This work advances our understanding of the Qinghai-Xizang's climate complexity and provides actionable insights for optimizing climate-environment monitoring systems.