The characteristics of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Angstrom exponent are analyzed using two-year Cimel sunphotometer data at Jinghe site locates in Xi′an, China. By local pollution and topographic effects, the aerosol optical thickness in Jinghe River is higher in the whole year. The annual mean AOD is 0.69±0.40 from May 2008 to April 2009 and 0.67±0.39 from April 2010 to March 2011. The maximum values of optical thickness and wavelength exponent occurred in summer. The effect of dust and sand weather, the aerosol wavelength exponent in spring is the lest, the optical thickness in the autumn is the lest. The comparsion between MODIS and CE318-derived AOD shows that the both have a better correlation, the data of accordance with the design precision of MODIS is 55.0%～73.3%. The spatial distribution of MODIS AOD average value in 2008—2010 show that there are 3 AOD high value areas in Shaanxi, which Located in the Guanzhong basin, Hanzhoung city and Ankang downtown. Local pollution and topographic effect is mainly reason of causing the high value zone of AOD.
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