Atmospheric correction is necessary to retrieve the real surface reflectance of the surface objects by removing the atmospheric effects induced by aerosol, solar radiation et al. In this paper, the FY-3A/MERSI data with a resolution of 1 km was selected and atmospheric correction was conducted based on the FLAASH model in Henan Province, China. Comparing with the data before the atmospheric correction, variations of the FY-3A/MERSI data are mainly as follows: (1) The reflectance of short-wave infrared band only increased by 4.1% and reflectance of the sixth band decreased by 1.5% while reflectance of the seventh band increased by 9.6%. (2) The reflectance of all visible bands decreased by -82.7% averagely. The reflectance of the red, green and blue bands averagely decreased by 21%, 63% and 137%, respectively. After the atmospheric correction, reflectance variation amplitude increased and different objects could be distinguished more clearly by visible bands. (3) The reflectance of near-infrared band all increased with an average of 46.2%, except for the 19th band decreasing by 54%. Reflectance from band 15th to band 18th and 20th increased by 28%, 4%, 41%, 252% and 6%, respectively. (4) After the atmospheric correction, vegetation was highlighted with the value of NDVI increasing by 35%, Nevertheless the value of NDWI varied little, decreasing only by 8.7%.
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