Influence of the Position and Kinetic Energy Anomalies of the Inlet Region of the Asian-African Subtropical Westerly Jet on the Mid-Summer Interdecadal Drought in North China
WEI Jianning,, ZHANG Jie,
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters /Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education,Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,Nanjing 210044,Jiangsu,China
The drought in North China in midsummer showed an interdecadal increase.This paper used global reanalysis data provided by the European Center for Medium-Term Weather Forecast (ECMWF) and the local multi-scale energy vorticity analysis method (MS-EVA) to study the effect of the location and energy change of the Asian-African jet stream entrance area in July and August on the drought in North China.The results show that: In July, the entrance area of the Asian-African jet stream had a clear northward trend after 1997, making it easier for the energy radiated by the North Atlantic and Europe to enter the jet stream; In August, the entrance area of Asian-African jet contracted eastwards after 1997, but the entrance area of jet was full of energy, making it easy for energy to enter the jet.The energy disperses downstream under the action of the waveguide, passes over the North China area, and converges on the west side of the average trough, which is not conducive to the upward movement of the air flow; the divergence is strengthened on the east side of the average trough, so that the trough moves eastward, and the position of North China changes from the front of the trough to the back of the trough.The energy in the jet stream spreads to the coastal areas of China, causing the western Pacific subtropical high to retreat eastward, weakening the water vapor transport to North China, which is not conducive to precipitation in North China.
Keywords:Drought in North China
;
Asian-African Subtropical Jet
;
kinetic energy
WEI Jianning, ZHANG Jie. Influence of the Position and Kinetic Energy Anomalies of the Inlet Region of the Asian-African Subtropical Westerly Jet on the Mid-Summer Interdecadal Drought in North China. Plateau Meteorology[J], 2021, 40(2): 281-291 doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2020.00043
Fig.1
Spatial distribution of PDSI growth trend in China mainland (a) and the change of PDSI index with time in North China (b) in July and August during 1961 -2014.Dotted area has passed the significance test at 90%
Fig.2
The third EOF mode spatial distribution of the 200 hPa U component (left) and its time coefficient (right) in July and August from 1979 to 2015.The black, blue and green lines are the average position of the Asian-African Subtropical Jet at 20 m·s-1 during 1979 -2015, 1979 -1997 and 1997 -2015, respectively
Fig.3
The PDSI index of the North China and the third mode EOF time coefficient of the 200 hPa U component in July (a) and August (b) from 1997 to 2015
Fig.4
The 500 hPa height field (contour, unit: ×10-1m2·s2) and the 200 hPa T-N wave flux (vector, unit: m2·s-2) in July and August from 1979 to 2015.The red line and the blue line are respectively the average position of 20 m·s-1 of the subtropical westerly jet from 1979 to 1997 and from 1997 to 2015
3.4 亚非急流入口区北抬对沿急流波活动的影响
在副热带地区, 由于夏季位势高度场和受副热带高空急流控制的纬向风分量值大而变率小, 波列的活动在这两个变量上表现的不是很清楚。相比较而言, 经向风分量均值和变率大致相当, 能更好的表现波列的活动(Branstator, 2002; Lu et al, 2002)。将7、 8月西风急流200 hPa的V分量进行EOF分解, 把对应的时间系数称为副热带波活动指数(孙雪倩等, 2018)。8月分解的EOF模态中, 第一模态的波沿急流传播, 此种波类似于斯堪的纳维亚型或欧亚-1型(Barnston and Livezey, 1987)。但此种波只存在于除了6、 7月以外的其他月份。7月分解的EOF模态中, 第一模态的波中心呈弧线在急流北侧分布, 第二模态的波在急流北侧, 第三模态的波沿急流传播。7月第三模态呈现的是北非——欧亚大陆——东亚地区的波, 类似于廖清海等(2006)和Lu et al(2002)的研究结果。本文主要考虑波流相互作用在急流上, 综合7、 8月前5个模态的空间分布, 7月第三模态与8月第一模态波更符合以急流为载体沿急流传播的要求。西风急流作为波流相互作用的一个重要载体, 可以看做是北半球的波导(Ambrizzi et al, 1995 ), 沿西风急流传递的波活动对我国的气候造成影响。
Fig.5
The first and third EOF spatial mode at 200 hPa V component (a, b), the time coefficient and the location index at the entrance of the jet stream (c, d) in July and August of 1979 -2015.The black line shows the position of 20 m·s-1 westerly jet
Fig.7
500 hPa (up) and 850 hPa (down) height field returned by wave activity index in July and August from 1997 to 2015.Unit: m·s-1.All the vectors have passed the 90% significance test
Fig.8
Water vapor flux throughout the atmosphere returned by wave activity index in July and August from 1997 to 2015.Unit: kg·m-1·s-1.All the vectors have passed the 90% significance test
Fig.9
Climatic state (color area) of kinetic energy (a, b) and the trend of energy change (c, d) in July and August from 1979 to 2015.Unit: ×10-5 m2·s-2.Vector is T-N wave flux, The red line and the black line are respectively the average position of 20 m·s-1 of the subtropical westerly jet from 1979 to 1997 and from 1997 to 2015
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