本文指出:未饱和水汽在铅直方向的分布严重偏离关于水汽的静力学方程;对平均大气而言,比湿的对数与气压的对数在铅直方向上存在着良好的直线关系。上述事实可以通过引入物理学揭示的热扩散机制予以定量说明。热扩散效应是使空气中的水汽向热的一侧运动;承认水汽的热扩散效应有助于说明锋面附近和台风的降水水汽来源,也要求审定大气中原来的水汽环流图像。

In this paper, it is pointed out that there is a serious departure between the real vertical distribution of vapour and its static equilibrium relation and a nice linear relation in the vertical direction between specific humidity (logarithm) and pressure (logarithm) in the mean atmosphere The above facts could be explained quantitatively by the thermodiffusion effect in physics The thermodiffusion effect causes the vapour to move to the warm side in air By using thermodiffusion effect, we can explain the vapour source of precipitation nearby the front and the typhoon This effect also let us to check for the general image of vapour circulation in atmosphere.