从位涡收支的角度对一次东北冷涡发展过程进行了诊断分析, 研究了位涡趋势方程中各趋势项对冷涡发展的贡献.结果表明, 在对流层低层东北冷涡的发展过程中, 非绝热加热率、水平平流位涡以及非平流的位涡趋势对低层位涡的增强做正贡献, 有利于低层冷涡的发展, 也充分说明了非绝热加热对低层冷涡的发展所起的重要作用; 而垂直平流位涡刚好相反, 对低层位涡的增强做负贡献, 不利于低层冷涡的发展.从垂直结构看, 水平平流位涡主要是在对流层低层和高层对位涡发展有正贡献; 而垂直平流位涡是在中层促使位涡增强; 非平流引起的位涡变化主要是在低层; 由平流和非平流引起的总位涡趋势增大, 促使冷涡加强发展.
Development process of cold vortex over Northeast China from the point of view of the potantial vorticity (PV) budget was diagnostic analysed, in order to illustrate the contribution to the development of the cold vortex in PV tendency equation. The results show that: The diabatic heating rate, the horizontal advective and non-advective PV tendency do positive contribution to enhancement of PV on the development process of northeast cold vortex in the lower troposphere. They are conducive to the development of low-level cold vortex and also fully illustrated the diabatic heating have played an important role; Vertical advective PV is just the opposite. It do negative contribution to enhancement of the low-level PV and is not conducive to the development of low-level cold vortex. From the vertical structure, the horizontal advective PV tendency do positive contribution to enhancement of PV in the tropospheric low and high level; While the vertical advective PV tendency enhanced PV in the middle; PV changes caused by non-advection mainly in the lower; Increases of the total PV tendency caused by advection and non-advection will lead to strengthen development of cold vortex.
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