利用2010年阳江高精度探空仪国际比对试验中观测的探空测风资料、CINRAD-SA型多普勒天气雷达体扫资料及基于PUP-VAD方法反演的垂直风廓线产品资料, 使用三种不同复杂程度的分层VVP方法(VVP1, VVP2和VVP3)反演了阳江雷达站上空的垂直风廓线, 以探空测风为参考, 以平均风向、风速均方差和相关系数作为评估因子, 将雷达站周围降水回波分布分为较均匀和不均匀两种情况, 对比分析了基于分层VVP方法和PUP-VAD方法反演的垂直风廓线.结果表明, 相比PUP-VAD方法, 分层VVP方法都能提供更实用、质量更好的垂直风廓线, 特别是在雷达周围降水回波分布不太均匀的情况下.主要原因是在某一高度, 相比PUP-VAD方法只分析某仰角某距离圈上的径向速度资料来说, 分层VVP方法是通过对该高度层10~100 km范围内的所有有效径向速度资料进行多元线性回归来求解该高度层的平均水平风向, 风速, 受资料覆盖率的影响程度要小于PUP-VAD方法.
The vertical wind profile product from Doppler weather radar has important role for the weather analysis. This paper retrieved vertical wind profiles using three different layered VVP algorithms with an increasing level of complexity (VVP1, VVP2 and VVP3). Radiosonde data, radar volume scan data and vertical wind profile product data retrieved using PUP-VAD algorithmfrom CINRAD-SA were collected, which were measured during Yangjiang 8th international radiosondeintercomparisontest sponsored by WMO from 12 July to 1 August 2010. Take soundingwind as reference, the mean-square deviation and correlation coefficient of wind directions/speeds between sounding wind and retrieved wind were calculated. Take the mean-square deviation and correlation coefficient as evaluation factors, the vertical wind profiles retrieved using layered VVP and PUP-VAD algorithms were intercomparedin two different conditions of relatively uniform and uneven precipitation echo distribution around radar. Results show that, in the two cases, the layered VVP retrieval algorithm provides vertical wind profiles with a higher availability and a better quality than the PUP-VAD algorithm, especially in the case of uneven precipitation echo distribution around radar. Compared to analyze the causes, at a certain height layer, in contrast to a PUP-VAD retrieval, where only those data from a range circle is used, all available scan data in the height layer within 10~100 km range is processed using a multi-dimensional linear regression. The impact of the data coverage ratio on layered VVP retrieval is less than that on PUP-VAD retrieval.
[1]Lhermitte R M, Atlas D. Precipitation motion by pulse Doppler radar[C]. Preprints, Ninth Conf on Radar Meteorology, Kansas City, KS, Amer Meteor Soc, 1961: 218-223.
[2]Browning K A, Wexler R. The determination of kinematic properties of a wind field using Doppler radar[J]. J Appl Meteor, 1968, 7: 105-113.
[3]Collins W G. The quality control of Velocity Azimuth Display (VAD) Winds at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction[C]. 11<sup>th</sup> Symposium on Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation, Amer Meteor Soc, 2001: 317-320.
[4]Waldteufel P, Corbin H. On the analysis of single Doppler radar data[J]. J Appl Meteor, 1979, 18: 532-542.
[5]Holleman I. Quality control and verification of weather radar wind profiles[J]. J Atmos Ocean Technol, 2005, 22: 1541-1550.
[6]俞小鼎, 姚秀萍, 熊廷南, 等. 多普勒天气雷达原理与业务应用[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2007: 216-217.
[7]李华宏, 曹杰, 杞明辉, 等. 雷达风廓线反演在云南强降水预报中的应用[J]. 高原气象, 2012, 31(6): 1739-1745.
[8]张腾飞, 张杰, 郭荣芬. 一条中尺度雨带的多普勒雷达回波特征及环境条件分析[J]. 应用气象学报, 2005, 16(1): 70-77.
[9]易笑园, 李泽椿, 朱磊磊, 等. 一次<em>β</em>中尺度暴风雪的成因及动力热力结构[J]. 高原气象, 2010, 29(1): 175-186.
[10]王丽荣, 汤达章, 胡志群. 多普勒雷达对华北春季强降水过程的动力学诊断[J]. 高原气象, 2006, 25(3): 505-519.
[11]王伏村, 丁荣, 李耀辉, 等. 河西走廊中部冰雹天气的环流和多普勒雷达产品特征分析[J]. 高原气象, 2008, 27(6): 1343-1349.
[12]裴宇杰, 王福侠, 张迎新, 等. 2009年晚秋河北特大暴雪多普勒雷达特征分析[J]. 高原气象, 2012, 31(4): 1110-1118.
[13]徐芬, 王博妮, 夏文梅, 等. 长江中下游地区一次春季暴雨过程的多普勒雷达速度特征分析与研究[J]. 高原气象, 2014, 33(2): 548-556, doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00195.
[14]吴爱敏. 雷暴天气的多普勒雷达VWP资料特征分析[J]. 干旱气象, 2009, 27(2): 177-180.
[15]陈楠, 徐芬, 顾松山, 等. 多普勒天气雷达径向速度产品在预报中的应用[J]. 气象科学, 2009, 29(3): 421-42.
[16]效文娟. 多种风资料在豫西山区致洪暴雨预报中的应用[J]. 气象与环境科学, 2012, 35(1): 67-74.
[17]曹俊武. VAD技术在3830多普勒天气雷达中的应用[J]. 现代电子, 2000, 72(3): 9-13.
[18]李杰, 顾松山, 胡中兵, 等. VAD技术三种仰角策略反演风场的比较和应用[J]. 南京气象学院学报, 2006, 29(2): 220-227.
[19]李华宏, 薛纪善, 王曼, 等. 多普勒雷达风廓线的反演及变分同化试验[J]. 应用气象学报, 2007, 18(1): 50-57.
[20]朱立娟, 龚建东, 李泽椿. 资料同化中雷达VAD风质量控制研究 [J]. 高原气象, 2012, 31(6): 1731-1738.
[21]李柏, 李伟. 阳江第八届国际探空系统比对试验综述[J]. 气象科技进展, 2011, 1(3): 6-13.
[22]李伟, 赵培涛, 郭启云, 等. 国产GPS探空仪国际比对试验结果[J]. 应用气象学报, 2011, 22(4): 453-462.
[23]肖艳姣, 万玉发, 王珏, 等. 一种自动多普勒雷达速度退模糊算法研究[J]. 高原气象, 2012, 31(4): 1119-1128.
[24]邱崇践, Xu Qin. 由单Doppler雷达资料反演水平风场简单共轭函数方法的改进方案[J]. 应用气象学报, 1996, 7(4): 421-430.
[25]石燕, 冯晋勤, 闵爱荣, 等. 一次冰雹过程的多普勒雷达资料的风场反演与分析[J]. 暴雨灾害, 2009, 28(3): 255-260.
