高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 4: 970 - 980

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00005

论文

一次“大气河”背景下东北冷涡暴雨的诊断分析

  • 孙颖姝 ,
  • 王咏青 ,
  • 沈新勇 ,
  • 周玉淑 ,
  • 邓国
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  • 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/大气科学学院, 江苏 南京 210044;中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水物理与强风暴重点实验室(LACS), 北京 100029;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;国家气象中心, 北京 100029

收稿日期: 2017-09-08

  网络出版日期: 2018-08-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（41530427，41661144024，41475054，41475097）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（2015CB453201）

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Diagnostic Analysis on a Heavy Rainfall Associated with the Northeast Cold Vortex and Atmospheric River

  • SUN Yingshu ,
  • WANG Yongqing ,
  • SHEN Xinyong ,
  • ZHOU Yushu ,
  • DENG Guo
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  • Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China;Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100029, China

Received date: 2017-09-08

  Online published: 2018-08-28

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摘要

利用FNL再分析资料、NCEP GDAS资料和观测降水资料，应用HYSPLIT轨迹追踪模式，对2016年7月25日一次东北冷涡暴雨过程的天气形势背景、大气河在暴雨过程中的作用及其在暴雨前后的演变特征以及暴雨水汽来源进行了诊断分析。结果表明，此次暴雨发生在有利的天气形势背景下，东北冷涡、鄂海阻高、日本以东的低压、高低空急流是这次过程的主要影响系统。暴雨过程中有两条源于西太平洋的大气河，一条经我国南海区域向北继而向东北延伸，核心水汽通量极强，另一条经东海、黄海向北输送，两条大气河的湿层均十分深厚。通过大气河的输送作用，热带地区的暖湿水汽直接输送到中纬度地区，为此次暴雨的产生和维持提供了良好的水汽条件。南来的暖湿气流与东北冷涡环流的偏北干冷气流汇合，在暴雨区附近产生了强烈上升运动，是此次暴雨的主要动力抬升机制。水汽轨迹追踪表明此次暴雨的水汽源地主要有西太平洋、南海、孟加拉湾和欧亚大陆，低层水汽主要由偏南大气河输送，中层水汽主要来自于西南大气河。

关键词： 东北冷涡; 大气河; 暴雨; 轨迹追踪

本文引用格式

孙颖姝 , 王咏青 , 沈新勇 , 周玉淑 , 邓国 . 一次“大气河”背景下东北冷涡暴雨的诊断分析[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(4) : 970 -980 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00005

Abstract

Based on the FNL reanalysis and HYSPLIT model driven by NCEP GDAS data, this study examined a heavy rainfall associated with the northeast cold vortex (NECV) and atmospheric rivers (ARs) over the northeast China occurred on July 25, 2016. The results indicated that the heavy rainfall occurred in a favorable synoptic pattern, NECV, the Okhotsk blocking high, the low at the east of Japan, upper-and low-level jet played important roles in the process. There were two ARs that both originated from the Western Pacific and coupled with deep wet layers during this event. However, one of the two ARs flowed northward to the northeast China through the East China sea and the Yellow Sea and the other flowed northeastward through the South China Sea with considerable moisture. ARs provided favorable moisture condition for the heavy rainfall by entraining abundant moisture from tropical regions to mid-latitudes directly. The convergence of moist air from tropical origin and dry air from the circulation of NECV induced intense ascending motions in surrounding regions, which was the main dynamic uplift mechanism of the intense rainfall. Analysis of the trajectory tracking reveals that the most significant moisture sources of the heavy rainfall were the Western Pacific, the South China Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Eurasia. Furthermore, the moisture within the lower and middle troposphere was mainly transported by the south atmospheric river and the southwest atmospheric river separately.

Key words： Northeast clod vorte; atmospheric river; heavy rainfall; trajectory tracking

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